What should a pilot do to recover from a spin effectively?

To recover from a spin effectively, applying full opposing rudder while keeping the ailerons neutral is recognized as the correct method. This technique is based on the aerodynamic principles governing spins, where the aircraft is in a state of yaw and roll. The application of full opposing rudder counteracts the yaw motion that keeps the aircraft in the spin, helping to stop the rotation. Neutral ailerons are important in this process to prevent exacerbating the spin or causing the aircraft to enter an accelerated stall.

Other recovery methods, such as increasing throttle or pitching the aircraft down aggressively, can create additional complications. Increasing throttle may lead to a further increase in yaw and potentially worsen the spin dynamics. Pitching the aircraft down aggressively also could lead to an uncontrolled descent or additional aerodynamic issues without effectively addressing the current spin condition.

Therefore, the outlined method of using full opposing rudder and neutral ailerons is essential for effective spin recovery, focusing on restoring controlled flight and regaining control of the aircraft in a safe manner.