Which phenomenon describes the tendency of an aircraft to yaw left due to propeller rotation?

The phenomenon that describes the tendency of an aircraft to yaw left due to propeller rotation is known as P-factor. This occurs primarily in airplanes with propellers at high angles of attack. When the aircraft is in a climb or at a high angle of attack, the descending blade of the propeller has a higher angle of attack than the ascending blade. This imbalance causes the descending blade to generate more thrust than the ascending blade, resulting in a yawing motion to the left in single-engine propeller-driven aircraft.

Understanding P-factor is crucial for pilots, as it highlights the importance of managing engine power and aircraft orientation, especially during climbs or maneuvers where the angle of attack changes significantly. Recognizing this phenomenon allows pilots to anticipate and correct for the left yaw tendency, ensuring better control of the aircraft during critical phases of flight.

While torque effect, gyroscopic precession, and load factor are all relevant aerodynamic principles, they describe different aspects of aircraft behavior and do not specifically focus on the asymmetric thrust produced by propeller rotation in relation to the aircraft's yaw.